In recent years, methods based on deep neural networks, and especially Neural Improvement (NI) models, have led to a revolution in the field of combinatorial optimization. Given an instance of a graph-based problem and a candidate solution, they are able to propose a modification rule that improves its quality. However, existing NI approaches only consider node features and node-wise positional encodings to extract the instance and solution information, respectively. Thus, they are not suitable for problems where the essential information is encoded in the edges. In this paper, we present a NI model to solve graph-based problems where the information is stored either in the nodes, in the edges, or in both of them. We incorporate the NI model as a building block of hill-climbing-based algorithms to efficiently guide the election of neighborhood operations considering the solution at that iteration. Conducted experiments show that the model is able to recommend neighborhood operations that are in the $99^{th}$ percentile for the Preference Ranking Problem. Moreover, when incorporated to hill-climbing algorithms, such as Iterated or Multi-start Local Search, the NI model systematically outperforms the conventional versions. Finally, we demonstrate the flexibility of the model by extending the application to two well-known problems: the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Graph Partitioning Problem.
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在现实世界中,非确定性测量很常见:随机优化算法的性能或在混乱环境中加强学习代理人的总奖励只是两个例子,其中不可预测的结果很常见。这些度量可以建模为随机变量,并通过其预期值或更复杂的工具(例如原假设统计检验)相互比较。在本文中,我们提出了一个替代框架,以根据估计的累积分布函数在视觉上比较两个样本。首先,我们为两个随机变量引入了一个优势度量,该变量量化了一个随机变量之一的累积分布函数学术上主导另一个变量的比例。然后,我们提出了一种在分位数中分解的图形方法i)提出的优势度量和ii)一个随机变量之一比另一个变量较低的值的概率。出于说明性目的,我们通过提出的方法重新评估了已经发表的工作的实验,我们表明可以推断出其他结论(通过其余方法错过)。此外,将软件包rvCompare创建为应用和实验建议的框架的一种方便方法。
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车载传感器的车载系统正在增强连接。这使信息共享能够实现对环境的更全面的理解。但是,通过公共蜂窝网络的同行通信带来了多个网络障碍以解决,需要网络系统来中继通信并连接无法直接连接的各方。 Web实时通信(WEBRTC)是跨车辆流媒体流媒体的良好候选者,因为它可以使延迟通信较低,同时将标准协议带到安全握手中,发现公共IP和横向网络地址转换(NAT)系统。但是,在基础架构中的端到端服务质量(QOS)适应,在该基础架构中,传输和接收是通过继电器解耦的,需要一种机制来有效地使视频流适应网络容量。为此,本文通过利用实时运输控制协议(RTCP)指标(例如带宽和往返时间)来调查解决分辨率,帧和比特率更改的机制。该解决方案旨在确保接收机上系统及时获得相关信息。在实际的5G测试台中分析了应用不同方法适应方法时对端到端吞吐量效率和反应时间的影响。
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在本文中,我们考虑了使用嘈杂的中间量子量子(NISQ)设备的几种用于量子计算机视觉的算法,并将它们基于对其经典对应物的真正问题进行基准测试。具体而言,我们考虑了两种方法:基于通用门的量子计算机上的量子支持向量机(QSVM),以及Qubost在量子退火器上。量子视觉系统是针对图像不平衡数据集进行基准测试的,其目的是检测制成的汽车件中的缺陷。我们看到,量子算法以几种方式优于其经典对应物,QBoost允许使用当今的量子退火器分析更大的问题。还讨论了数据预处理,包括降低维度和对比度增强,以及Qboost中的超参数调整。据我们所知,这是量子计算机视觉系统的首次实施,用于制造生产线中的工业相关性问题。
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